---
title: LOWER
description: Learn how to use the LOWER function to convert text strings to lowercase in calculated columns. Understand syntax, parameters, and practical examples for efficient data manipulation.
---
import { Steps } from '@astrojs/starlight/components';

# LOWER

The LOWER function converts all letters in a text string to lowercase.

## Applicable to

Calculated Columns

## Return Value

* The LOWER function returns a new text string where all uppercase letters in the input text are converted to lowercase. Characters that are not letters remain unchanged.
* If the input is NULL or BLANK, the function returns NULL.

## Remark

* The LOWER function is case-insensitive, meaning that it does not change the case of characters that are already lowercase.
* LOWER function is applicable only for text values.

## Syntax

```
LOWER(<expression>)
```

## LOWER in Calculated Columns



| Expression | A placeholder in a function that is replaced with the actual column name. |
|---|---|
| Column Name | The name of the column in the dataset or Datasource that contains the values you want to analyze. |


Write the LOWER function. For instance

```
LOWER(<expression>)
```
<Steps>
1. Replace `<expression>` with `VALUE([Column Name])`.Replace the **Column Name** with the actual name of the column required.
2. To learn how to add calculated columns in Infoveave, visit the section [Calculated Columns](/studio-v8/datasources/calculated-columns-datasource/).
</Steps>